Blog Grupo de Investigacion Salud de la Mujer

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    Quality of life deterioration and associated factors in prenatal care pregnant women: assessment with the WHOQOL-BREF scale
    (2023-01-16) Monterrosa-Castro, Álvaro; Morales-Castellar, Isabella; Rodelo-Correa, Alix; Monterrosa-Blanco, Angélica; Grupo de Investigación Salud de la Mujer
    Introduction: Quality of life is a set of situations that contribute to people's well-being. In pregnant women, it is necessary to explore the emotional, social and physical aspects. Few studies in the Latin American population explore the quality of life of pregnant women. The objective was to establish the frequency of deterioration of the physical, psychological, social and environmental quality of life and to identify the associated factors in pregnant women residing in cities of the Colombian Caribbean who attended prenatal consultation. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 509 pregnant women who performed daily activities and participated voluntarily and anonymously after signing informed consent. They filled out a form that explored sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and applied the WHOQOL-BREF scale, identifying the poor quality of life. Adjusted logistic regression was performed to estimate the association between quality of life (dependent variable) and biopsychosocial factors (independent variables). Results: The age of the participants was 26.8 ± 6.2 years. In 250 (49.1%) physical or mental deterioration was identified, in 281 (55.2%) deterioration of the social relationship and in 270 (53.0%) of the environmental relationship. Diabetes OR:6.01[95%CI:1.20-18.42], depression OR:4.71[95%CI:1-20-18.42], living in a rural area OR:2.96[95%CI :1.78-4.91], anguish with pregnancy OR:2.87[95%CI:1.65-5.01], financial problems OR:2.61[95%CI:1.54-4.40 ] or couple OR:2.60[95%CI:1.03-6.69], were associated with impaired quality of life (p<0.01). Being cohabiting, compared to being alone, and being a student/employee versus a housewife, were associated with a lower possibility of deterioration in quality of life (p<0.01). Conclusions: Deterioration of each quality of life domain was identified in half of the pregnant women and several biopsychosocial factors were significantly associated. Antenatal care protocols should provide guidelines for intervention on obstetric and non-obstetric factors that impair quality of life. It is necessary to highlight deficiencies in the exploration of the mental, social and environmental health of pregnant women
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    Clinical considerations for sarcopenia in older Colombian Afro-descendant and mestizo women
    (2023-06-12) Monterrosa-Castro, Álvaro; Prada-Tovar, María; Monterrosa-Blanco, Angélica; Grupo de Investigación Salud de la Mujer
    Objectives: To identify the frequencies of clinical suspicion of sarcopenia (CSS) and probable sarcopenia (PS) and their association with ethnic groups. Methods: This cross-sectional study categorized 700 women into Afro-descendant and mestizo ethnic groups. Calf circumference, muscle strength, and gait speed were measured. CSS was assessed using a sarcopenia risk scale and the measurement of calf circumference; the muscle strength of the dominant hand was used to establish PS. Unadjusted logistic regressions assessed associations between CSS/PS and ethnicity. Two adjusted logistic regression models included relevant covariates. Results: CSS and PS were identified in 10.4% to 20.7% and 7.8% to 14.1% of study participants, respectively. Compared with mestizos, Afro-descendants had a more favorable sarcopenia risk score, greater calf circumference, and greater muscle strength and were associated with a lower risk for CSS (odds ratio [OR]: 0.13, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.06–0.28 and OR: 0.12, 95% CI: 0.07–0.21) and PS (OR: 0.12, 95% CI: 0.05–0.30 and OR: 0.11, 95% CI: 0.06–0.21). Conclusion: Compared with mestizos, CSS and PS were less frequent among Afro-descendants, who had 87% to 88% lower probability of CSS and 88% to 89% lower probability of PS.
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    Reacciones emocionales negativas en médicas y médicos generales colombianos al inicio de la pandemia Covid-19: estudio transversal
    (Academia Nacional de Medicina, 2023-07) Monterrosa-Castro, Álvaro; Quintana-Guardo, Freddy; Romero-Martínez, Shairine; Romero-Martínez, Geraldine; Grupo de Investigación Salud de la Mujer
    Introducción: Las reacciones emocionales han sido ampliamente teorizadas, especialmente el miedo y la ansiedad. Usualmente se acompañan de estrés, somatizaciones o pánico cuando la integridad de la persona se ve amenazada. El objetivo fue identificar y comparar entre médicas y médicos generales residentes en Colombia, la presencia de reacciones emocionales negativas, así como estimar la asociación entre el sexo de los profesionales y dichas reacciones emocionales. Metodología: Estudio trasversal realizado entre médicos generales de ambos sexos al inicio de la pandemia COVID-19, que participaron anónima y voluntariamente diligenciando encuesta on-line. Las reacciones emocionales fueron identificadas con Fear of COVID-19 Scale, Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Scale y con el Cuestionario de Problemas Psicosomáticos. Las diferencias estadísticas entre datos continuos se estimaron con Anova o Mann-Whitney, mientras que para datos cualitativos se hicieron con Test de Fischer o Chi2 . Las asociaciones se expresaron con OR[IC95 %], obtenidos con regresiones logísticas no ajustadas: sexo del profesional (variable independiente) y cada reacción emocional negativa exploradas (variable de pendiente), p<0,05 fue estadísticamente significativo. Resultados: Se estudiaron 531 médicos generales: 59,5 % médicas y 40,5 % médicos. Se encontraron elevada frecuencia de miedo al COVID-19, síntomas de ansiedad, trastorno de ansiedad generalizada y estrés laboral en los profesionales evaluados. Las cifras fueron más elevadas entre médicas (p<0,05). Ser médica con respecto a médico, se asoció principalmente con nerviosismo o ansiedad al ver noticias sobre COVID-19, OR:3,17[IC95:2,17-4,62]; tener miedo de perder la vida por el COVID-19, OR:2,94[IC95 %:2,00-4,33]: sensación de pinchazos corporales dolorosos, OR:2,92[IC95 %:1,79-4,78], incomodarse al pensar en el COVID-19, OR:2,84 [IC95 %:1,85-4,35] y sentirse nerviosa o muy alterada, OR:2,68[IC95 %:1,74-4,14]. Conclusión: En un grupo de profesionales colombianos de la medicina, al inicio de la pandemia COVID-19 se observó en médicas mayor presencia de reacciones emocionales negativas. Ser médica, con respecto a médico, fue factor asociado con mayor presencia de reacciones emocionales negativas
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    Genitourinary symptoms and sexual function in women with primary ovarian insufficiency
    (Taylor & Francis, 2024-02) Blümel, J. E.; Chedraui, P.; Vallejo, M. S.; Dextre, M.; Elizalde, A.; Escalante, C.; Monterrosa-Castro, A.; Ñañez, M.; Ojeda, E.; Rey, C.; Rodríguez, D.; Rodrigues, M. A.; Salinas, C.; Tserotas, K.; Grupo de Investigacion Salud de la mujer
    Objective: There are limited studies on urogenital symptoms in women who experience menopause before the age of 40years due to primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) or bilateral oophorectomy (surgical POI). This study aimed to compare the urogenital symptoms, including sexuality, of women with POI to those without the condition. Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted was in seven Latin American countries, in which postmenopausal women (with POI and non-POI) were surveyed with a general questionnaire, the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) and the six-item Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI-6). The association of premature menopause with more urogenital symptoms and lower sexual function was evaluated with logistic regression analysis. Results: Women with POI experience more urogenital symptoms (MRS urogenital score: 3.54±3.16 vs. 3.15±2.89, p<0.05) and have lower sexual function (total FSFI-6 score: 13.71±7.55 vs. 14.77±7.57 p<0.05) than women who experience menopause at a normal age range. There were no significant differences in symptoms when comparing women based on the type of POI (idiopathic or surgical). After adjusting for covariates, our logistic regression model determined that POI is associated with more urogenital symptoms (odds ratio [OR]: 1.38, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06–1.80) and lower sexual function (OR: 1.67, 95% CI 1.25–2.25). Conclusion: POI, whether idiopathic or secondary to bilateral oophorectomy, is associated with symptoms that affect vaginal and sexual health
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    Histerectomía abdominal y deterioro de la función física en mujeres adultas mayores colombianas
    (Federación Mexicana de Colegios de Obstetricia y Ginecología, 2024-04) Monterrosa Castro, Alvaro; Castilla Casalins, Andrea; Rincón Teller, Diego; Grupo de Investigación Salud de la Mujer
    OBJETIVO: Estimar, en mujeres adultas mayores colombianas, la asociación entre histerectomía abdominal con el deterioro de la función física y con la limitación para las actividades de la vida diaria. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal llevado a cabo en mujeres colombianas entre 60 y 75 años que firmaron el consentimiento informado, permitieron mediciones antropométricas y contestaron un formulario con preguntas acerca de datos sociodemográficos y clínicos. Se aplicó la subescala de función física del Cuestionario SF-36. Se realizaron regresiones logísticas bivariadas: limitación para las actividades habituales o deterioro en la función física (variables dependientes) con el antecedente de histerectomía con o sin ooforectomía en la pre o posmenopausia (variables independientes). Además, se aplicaron cuatro modelos de regresión logística ajustada. RESULTADOS: Se evaluaron 700 mujeres con promedio de edad de 67.0 ± 4.8 años y 18.9 ± 6.3 años trascurridos a partir de la menopausia. A todas se les practicó histerectomía con ooforectomía durante los años de premenopausia (4.2%); histerectomía sin ooforectomía en la premenopausia (18.1%); histerectomía con ooforectomía en la posmenopausia (2.1%) e histerectomía sin ooforectomía en la posmenopausia (8.4). La histerectomía con ooforectomía, o sin esta última en la premenopausia, se relacionó con deterioro de la función física (RM: 2.67; IC95%:1.19-5.97) y 2.02 (IC95%:1.34- 3.09). Igual sucedió con las actividades habituales (p < 0.05). La histerectomía con preservación o extirpación ovárica durante la posmenopausia no se asoció con deterioro de la función física (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIÓN: En la muestra estudiada se encontró relación entre la histerectomía con limitación para actividades diarias y con deterioro de la función física. La histerectomía con o sin ooforectomía practicada durante los años de premenopausia, a diferencia de la adelantada en posmenopausia, se asoció, significativamente, con deterioro del funcionamiento físico
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    Possible association between subclinical hypothyroidism and age at menopause in Colombian women
    (Taylor & Francis, 2024-04) Monterrosa-Castro, Álvaro; Monterrosa-Blanco, Angelica; Sánchez-Zarza, Sandra; Grupo de Investigación Salud de la Mujer
    Objective: To evaluate the association between subclinical hypothyroidism with early menopause, premature menopause, and last menstrual bleeding before the natural age of menopause. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in 643 postmenopausal women aged 40–69years. Groups were formed according to last menstrual episode: ≥45 [Natural age at menopause], 40–44 and [Early menopause], <40 [Premature menopause], and <45 [last menstrual episode before the natural age of menopause]. The Zulewski scale was applied to identify manifestations related to hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism, diagnosed with a serum TSH > 4.5 µIU/mL plus T4-free between 0.7 and 1.9ng/dL. Results: It was found that 24.4% had the last menstrual episode before the natural age of menopause, 18.6% had early menopause, and 5.7% had premature menopause. Subclinical hypothyroidism was diagnosed in 4.5% of patients. Among women with subclinical hypothyroidism, there was a higher frequency of early menopause, premature menopause, and last menstrual episode before the natural age of menopause, than in women without subclinical hypothyroidism (p<0.05). Paresthesia (50%) and dry skin (40.7%) were the most reported hypothyroidism-related manifestations. Early menopause, premature menopause, and last menstrual episode before the natural age of menopause were associated with subclinical hypothyroidism, OR: 3.37 [95% CI: 1.40–8.10], OR: 4.31 [95% CI: 1.24–14.97], and OR: 3.57 [95% CI: 1.57–8.10], respectively. Conclusions: The last menstrual episode before the natural age of menopause, early menopause, and premature menopause were significantly associated with a higher chance of subclinical hypothyroidism
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    Apego materno-fetal y apego materno-neonatal en el contexto de una materno logia humanizada
    (Dr. Julio Luis Pozuelos Villavicencio, 2024-04) Monterrosa-Castro, Alvaro; Rincón-Teller, Diego; Barbosa-Burgos, Melyn; Grupo de Investigación Salud de la Mujer
    En Latinoamérica hace falta conciencia sobre la importancia que tiene el apego materno-fetal y el apego materno-neonatal. Es necesario divulgar que ambos, son importantes dinamizadores de la percepción de bienestar físico y emocional para la madre, la familia y el hijo. El apego materno-fetal es el vínculo construido por la madre hacia el feto antes y durante la gestación, y es un sólido componente que se articula con la progresión de una maternidad positiva. Además, el apego materno-fetal es predictor del apego materno-neonatal que se define como el vínculo entre la madre y su hijo inmediatamente posterior al nacimiento. El apego materno-fetal y maternoneonatal deben ser enfatizados tanto en la academia como en la labor asistencial. Un adecuado apego materno-fetal y materno-neonatal son estimulantes para la temprana y persistente lactancia materna. El embarazo no se debe seguir evaluando solo desde la obstetricia y la perinatología, dejando de lado elementos de la salud psicosocial que son importantes factores que influyen en los resultados obstétricos. Todos los profesionales de la salud deben tener suficiente conocimiento y estar entrenados para fomentar entre su población de atención sanitaria, las estrategias que engrandecen el apego materno-fetal y materno-neonatal. La familia juega un rol preponderante en la gestación y debe ser vinculadas generosamente
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    Association of muscle disorders in late postmenopausal women according to the type of experienced menopause
    (Wolters klumer, 2024) Vallejo, María S.; Blümel, Juan E.; Chedraui, Peter; Tserotas, Konstantinos; Salinas, Carlos; Rodrigues, Marcio A.; Rodríguez, Doris A.; Rey, Claudia; Ojeda, Eliana; Ñañez, Mónica; Monterrosa-Castro, Alvaro; Gómez-Tabares, Gustavo; Espinoza, María T.; Escalante, Carlos; Elizalde, Alejandra; Dextre, Maribel; Calle, Andrés; Aedo, Sócrates; Grupo de Investigación Salud de la Mujer
    Objective: Musculoskeletal disorders frequently affect postmenopausal women. This study aims to compare muscle disorders between women according to the type of experienced menopause: premature (PM) or normal age of menopause (NAM). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in nine Latin American countries in which late postmenopausal women (55 to 70 years) were surveyed with a general questionnaire, the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS: item #4 exploring musculoskeletal discomfort), and strength, assistance with walking, rising from a chair, climbing stairs, and falling questionnaire (risk of sarcopenia). Results: A total of 644 women were included: 468 who had NAM, and 176 who had PM (116 spontaneous and 60 surgical). The overall mean age of the participants was 60.9 ± 4.2 years. Women who had PM experienced more musculoskeletal discomfort (33.5% vs 20.9%, P < 0.001) and a higher likelihood of sarcopenia (35.2% vs 19.9%, P < 0.001) than women who had a NAM. Women who had surgical PM exhibited a higher prevalence of severe musculoskeletal discomfort (46.7% vs 29.3%, P < 0.02) and a higher likelihood of sarcopenia (45.0% vs 27.6%, P < 0.02) than women who had a NAM. After adjusting for covariates (age, body mass index, menopausal hormone therapy use, physical activity, education, cigarette consumption, use of antidepressants, sexual activity, comorbidities, and having a partner), our logistic regression model determined that spontaneous PM was not associated with higher odds of musculoskeletal discomfort and higher odds of sarcopenia. On the other hand, women who had surgical PM were more likely to experience musculoskeletal discomforts (odds ratio: 2.26; 95% confidence interval: 1.22-4.17) and higher odds for sarcopenia (odds ratio: 2.05; 95% confidence interval: 1.16-3.65) as compared to women who experienced a NAM. Conclusions: Women experiencing surgical PM have a higher likelihood of developing muscle disorders. This underscores the potential significance of hormonal levels in influencing musculoskeletal health during postmenopause
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    Consideraciones Clínicas Relacionadas con Sarcopenia y su Asociación con el Envejecimiento en Mujeres Adultas Mayores
    (Elsevier, 2024) Monterrosa-Castro, Álvaro; Colmenares-Guzmán, Mayra; Monterrosa-Blanco, Angelica; Grupo de Investigación Salud de la Mujer
    Objetivo: El objetivo fue evaluar en mujeres adultas mayores residentes en territorio colombiano, un grupo de consideraciones clínicas relacionadas con sarcopenia y estimar la asociación de cada una de ellas con el envejecimiento. Métodos: Estudio transversal que hace parte del proyecto de investigación Sarcopenia en Mujeres Colombianas (SARCOL). Incluyó información de 700 mujeres entre 60-74 años residentes de dos departamentos geográficos colombianos. Participación anónima, previa firma de consentimiento informado. Estudio aprobado por comité de ética. Resultados: Edad promedio 66,9±4,6 años. El 36,9% tenían entre 60-64 años, el 29,0% entre 65- 69 y el 34,1% entre 70-74. El 83,4% tenían bajo rendimiento físico y el 50,7% fuerza muscular reducida. La circunferencia de pantorrilla promedio fue 34,1±4,0 cm. Con el incremento en la edad se aumentó la frecuencia de todas consideraciones clínicas relacionadas con sarcopenia. Al comparar el grupo etario 65-69 con 60-64 no fueron significativas las diferencias (p>0,05), mientras que trece de las diecisiete sí lo fueron al comparar el grupo 70-74 con 60-64 (p<0,05). Más número de asociaciones significativas se observaron con el rango de mayor edad, tanto en el análisis no ajustado como ajustado. Tener entre 65-69 años se asoció con aumento del 60% y 78% en la posibilidad de fuerza muscular reducida y rendimiento físico disminuido, respectivamente. También con dos veces la posibilidad de sarcopenia. A su vez, 70-74 años se asoció con 65% mayor posibilidad de sospecha clínica de sarcopenia, dos veces sarcopenia, tres veces sarcopenia severa o fuerza muscular disminuida y con cuatro veces rendimiento físico disminuido. Conclusión: Con elementos semiológicos y antropométricos se observó que, con el envejecimiento se incrementaba la frecuencia de las consideraciones clínicas relacionadas con sarcopenia. El envejecimiento se asoció significativamente con varias de las consideraciones clínicas de sarcopenia que fueron evaluadas .
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    Affectation of the quality of life generated by vitiligo with genital compromise in adult women residing in the Colombian Caribbean
    (Universidad del Magdalena, 2024-01) Monterrosa-Castro, Álvaro; Torres-Castilla, Isabel; Castro-Caro, Ana; Grupo de Investigación Salud de la Mujer
    Introduction: Female genital vitiligo affects the skin of the vulva and can be isolated or generalized. Objective: To identify the magnitude of the impact on quality of life (QoL), its consequences, the psychosocial burden, and the impact generated by vitiligo with genital involvement. Method: A descriptive study was designed with adult women with genital vitiligo and residents of the Colombian Caribbean. QoL, its consequences, psychosocial burden, and the impact of vitiligo were evaluated with the Dermatology Life Quality Index and Vitiligo Impact Scale. Results: 78 women participated, age: 46.8±12.5. 69.2% were "great" or "extremely great" in terms of QoL impairment in 79% because of the limitation in interpersonal relationships or sexuality, and in 97.4%, the psychosocial impact was high. The affectation of QoL. Conclusions: Vitiligo generates a high impact and great magnitude in affecting QoL in women.
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    Severe menopausal symptoms linked to cognitive impairment: an exploratory study
    (Wolters klumer, 2024) Calle, Andrés; Blümel, Juan E.; Chedraui, Peter; Vallejo, María S.; Belardo, Alejandra; Dextre, Maribel; Elizalde-Cremonte, Alejandra; Escalante, Carlos; Espinoza, María T.; Gómez-Tabares, Gustavo; Monterrosa-Castro, Alvaro; Ñañez, Mónica; Ojeda, Eliana; Rey, Claudia; Rodríguez, Doris; Rodrigues, Marcio A.; Salinas, Carlos; Tserotas, Konstantinos; Aedo, Sócrates; Grupo de Investigación Salud de la Mujer
    Objective: To evaluate the association between menopausal symptoms and cognitive decline in postmenopausal women. Methods: This was a subanalysis of a cross-sectional, observational study conducted among women attending gynecological consultations across nine Latin American countries. The survey involved late postmenopausal women who were asked to complete a general questionnaire and the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) to assess menopausal symptoms, with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment used to evaluate cognitive function as an outcome. A Montreal Cognitive Assessment score of less than 21 was used to define women with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Results: The study included 1,287 postmenopausal women with a mean age of 55.5 years and a mean body mass index of 26.3 kg/m2 . On average, participants had 13.8 years of education and 2.3 ± 1.8 children, with 72.8% reporting having a partner. Additionally, 36.7% ever used menopausal hormone therapy. Regarding lifestyle factors, 50.3% engaged in a sedentary lifestyle, whereas 70.5% had never smoked. 15.3% of women had MCI exhibited significantly more intense menopausal symptoms compared with those without MCI (MRS total score 15.24 ± 12.58 vs 10.53 ± 8.84, respectively, P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between severe menopausal symptoms (MRS total score ≥14 points) and MCI (odds ratio [OR], 1.74; 95% CI, 1.25-2.42). Conversely, a lower body mass index (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.95-0.98), sexual activity (OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.51-0.96), physical exercise (OR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.39-0.76), menopausal hormone therapy use (OR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.24-0.55), and higher educational level (OR, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.21-0.46) were associated with lower odds for MCI. Conclusion: Severe menopausal symptoms in postmenopausal women were associated with cognitive impairment. This study highlights the intricate interplay between hormonal, lifestyle, and sociodemographic factors and cognitive health.
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    Prevalence of insomnia and related factors in a large mid-aged female Colombian sample
    (Elsevier, 2013-01) Monterrosa-Castro, Alvaro; Marrugo-Flórez, Martha; Romero-Pérez, Ivette; Chedraui, Peter; Fernández-Alonsoe, Ana M.; Grupo de Investigación Salud de la Mujer
    Objective: To assess the prevalence of insomnia and related factors in a large cohort of mid-aged Colombian women of different ethnical background. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 1325 women aged 40–59 of 3 ethnical groups: Mestizo (70.0%), Black (11.5%) and Zenú indigenous (18.5%), who completed the items of the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) and a general questionnaire containing personal sociodemographic data. Results: Median [interquartile range] age of the whole sample was 48.0 [10.0] years. A 43.4% were postmenopausal, 51.7% had increased body mass index values, 18.2% had hypertension and 5.1% used hormone therapy. A 27.5% displayed insomnia (AIS total score ≥6). Significant Spearman rho correlations were found between total AIS and MRS scores (total and subscales). Multiple linear regression analysis found that higher total AIS scores (more insomnia) correlated with tobacco consumption and higher MRS psychological and somatic subscale scores (more severe symptoms). Age, ethnicity and partner and menopausal status were excluded from the final regression model. Conclusions: In this large mid-aged Colombian cohort insomnia was present in nearly one third of cases, related to smoking habit and the severity of somatic and psychological menopausal symptoms and independent of ethnics and menopausal status.
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    Urinary incontinence, related factors and menopause-related quality of life in mid-aged women assessed with the Cervantes Scale
    (Elsevier, 2012) Pérez-López, Faustino R.; Cuadros, José L.; Fernández-Alonso, Ana M.; Chedraui, Peter; Sánchez-Borrego, Rafael; Monterrosa-Castro, Alvaro; Grupo de Investigación Salud de la Mujer
    Objective: To determine urinary incontinence (UI) prevalence, related factors and menopause-related quality of life (QoL) in mid-aged Colombian women. Methods: A total of 1739 women aged 40–59 were surveyed with the 31 item Cervantes Scale (CS) and a socio-demographic questionnaire. Item 18 of the scale was used to categorize the degree of UI. Remaining 30 items (Adjusted global score) were used to assess global menopause-related QoL. Results: Median age of the sample was 46 years. A 26.0% of women presented some degree of UI, rated as moderate to severe in 16.4% of cases. Adjusted global CS scores (excluding item 18) significantly increased with the severity of UI. Mean scores for item 18 were found to be significantly higher in relation to age, menopausal status, body mass index values, lower education and unemployment status. Multiple linear regression analysis determined that age, postmenopausal status and ethnicity (Mestizo) were significantly related to higher item 18 scores, and thus more severe UI. Conclusion: This is the first study to report UI prevalence in a large mid-aged Latin American female population in which age, menopausal status and ethnicity were related factors.
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    Impaired quality of life among middle aged women: A multicentre Latin American study
    (Elsevier, 2008-09) Chedraui, Peter; Blümel, Juan E.; Baron, German; Belzares, Emma; Bencosme, Ascanio; Calle, Andres; Danckers, Luis; Espinoza, Maria T.; Flores, Daniel; Gomez, Gustavo; Hernandez-Bueno, Jose A.; Izaguirre, Humberto; Leon-Leon, Patricia; Lima, Selva; Mezones-Holguin, Edward; Monterrosa, Alvaro; Mostajo, Desire; Navarro, Daysi; Ojeda, Eliana; Onatra, William; Royer, Monique; Soto, Edwin; Tserotas, Konstantinos; Grupo de Investigación Salud de la Mujer
    Background: Several studies indicate that quality of life (QoL) is impaired in middle aged women. Assessment of QoL using a single validated tool in Latin American climacteric women has not been reported to date at large scale. Objective: The Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) was used to assess QoL among middle aged Latin American women and determine factors associated with severe menopausal symptoms (QoL impairment). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 8373 healthy women aged 40–59 years, accompanying patients to healthcare centres in 18 cities of 12 Latin American countries, were asked to fill out the MRS and a questionnaire containing socio-demographic, female and partner data. Results: Mean age of the entire sample was 49.1 ± 5.7 years (median 49), a 62.5% had 12 or less years of schooling, 48.8% were postmenopausal and 14.7% were on hormonal therapy (HT). Mean total MRS score (n = 8373) was 11.3 ± 8.5 (median 10); for the somatic subscale, 4.1 ± 3.4; the psychological subscale, 4.6 ± 3.8 and the urogenital subscale, 2.5 ± 2.7. The prevalence of women presenting moderate to severe total MRS scorings was high (>50%) in all countries, Chile and Uruguay being the ones with the highest percentages (80.8% and 67.4%, respectively). Logistic regression determined that impaired QoL (severe total MRS score ≥17) was associated with the use of alternatives therapies for menopause (OR: 1.47, 95% CI [1.22–1.76], p = 0.0001), the use of psychiatric drugs (OR: 1.57, 95% CI [1.29–1.90], p = 0.0001), attending a psychiatrist (OR: 1.66, 95% CI [1.41–1.96], p = 0.0001), being postmenopausal (OR: 1.48, 95% CI [1.29–1.69, p = 0.0001]), having 49 years or more (OR: 1.24, 95% CI [1.08–1.42], p = 0.001), living at high altitude (OR: 1.43, 95% CI [1.25–1.62, p = 0.0001]) and having a partner with erectile dysfunction (OR: 1.69, 95% CI [1.47–1.94, p = 0.0001]) or premature ejaculation (OR: 1.34, 95% CI [1.16–1.55, p = 0.0001]). Lower risk for impaired QoL was related to living in a country with a lower income (OR: 0.77, 95% CI [0.68–0.88], p = 0.0002), using HT (OR: 0.65, 95% CI [0.56–0.76], p = 0.0001) and engaging in healthy habits (OR: 0.59, 95% CI [0.50–0.69], p = 0.0001). Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge this is the first and largest study assessing QoL in a Latin American climacteric series with a high prevalence of impairment related to individual female and male characteristics and the demography of the studied population.
  • Miniatura
    ÍtemAcceso abierto
    Association between type of menopause and mild cognitive impairment: The REDLINC XII study
    (Elsevier, 2024-11) Espinoza, María T.; Blümel, Juan E; Chedraui, Peter; Vallejo, María S.; Ñañez, Monica; Ojeda, Eliana; Rey, Claudia; Rodríguez, Doris; Rodrigues, Marcio A.; Salinas, Carlos; Tserotas, Konstantinos; Calle, Andrès; Dextre, Maribel; Elizalde, Alejandra; Escalante, Carlos; Gomez-Tabares, Gustavo; Monterrosa-Castro, Àlvaro; Grupo de investigacion Salud de la Mujer
    Objective: To evaluate the association between type of menopause (spontaneous or surgical) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Study design: This study was a cross-sectional, observational, and sub-analytical investigation conducted within gynecological consultations across nine Latin American countries. Method: We assessed sociodemographic, clinical, and anthropometric data, family history of dementia, and the presence of MCI using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) tool. Results: The study involved 1185 postmenopausal women with a mean age of 55.3 years and a body mass index of 26.4 kg/m2 . They had an average of 13.3 years of education, and 37 % were homemakers. Three hundred ninetynine experienced menopause before 40, including 136 with surgical menopause (bilateral oophorectomy). Out of the 786 women who experienced menopause at 40 or more years, 110 did so due to bilateral oophorectomy. There were no differences in MoCA scores among women who experienced menopause before or after the age of 40. However, lower MoCA scores were observed in women with surgical menopause than in those with spontaneous menopause (23.8 ± 4.9 vs. 25.0 ± 4.3 points, respectively, p < 0.001). Our logistic regression model with clustering of patients within countries found a significant association between MCI and surgical menopause (OR 1.47, 95 % CI: 1.01–2.16), use (ever) of menopausal hormone therapy (OR 0.33, 95 % CI: 0.21–0.50), and having >12 years of education (OR 0.21, 95 % CI: 0.14–0.30). Conclusion: When comparing women who experience spontaneous menopause over the age of 40 with those who undergo it before this age, there was no observed increased risk of developing MCI, while those with surgical
  • Miniatura
    ÍtemAcceso abierto
    Risk of sarcopenia: A red flag for cognitive decline in postmenopause
    (Elsevier, 2025-03) Vallejo, María S.; Blümel, Juan E.; Tserotas, Konstantinos; Salinas, Carlos; Rodrigues, Marcio A.; Rodríguez-Vidal, Doris; Rey, Claudia; Ojeda, Eliana; Ñañez, Monica; Monterrosa-Castro, Àlvaro; Gomez-Tabares, Gustavo; Espinoza, María T.; Escalante, Carlos; Elizalde, Alejandra; Dextre, Maribel; Calle, Andrès; Aedo, Sòcrates; Grupo de investigacion Salud de la Mujer
    Objective: To determine if the SARC-F tool, used to screen for sarcopenia risk, can also predict mild cognitive impairment (MCI) diagnosed with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) tool. Methods: This is a sub-analysis of data from a cross-sectional study carried out in postmenopausal women from Latin America (nine countries) in which sociodemographic, clinical, and anthropometric data were collected, and the SARC-F and MoCA tools administered. From the original sample of 1185 women, analysis was performed only among the 772 with natural menopause. Results: Overall, mean age, body mass index and years of education were 56.9 years, 26.8 kg/m2 and 13.6 years, respectively. Women with MCI displayed a higher body mass index, had more children, experienced more severe menopausal symptoms, and were more frequently homemakers and physically inactive. The prevalence of MCI increased from 12.9 % in women with no sarcopenia risk (SARC-F < 4 points) to 35.3 % in those at risk (OR 3.70; 95 % CI 2.36–5.80). According to binary logistic regression analysis, sarcopenia risk (total SARC-F score ≥ 4) was associated with MCI (OR: 2.44; 95 % CI 1.50–3.95). Aside from the risk of sarcopenia, being a homemaker (OR 1.97; 95 % CI 1.25–3.10) was also associated with an increased likelihood of MCI. Protective factors included ever use of menopausal hormone therapy (OR 0.26; 95 % CI 0.13–0.54) and having higher educational attainment (OR 0.28; 95 % CI 95 % 0.16–0.47). The SARC-F displayed a sensitivity of 84 % and a specificity of 39 % at diagnosing MCI.
  • Miniatura
    ÍtemAcceso abierto
    Impact of hysterectomy without oophorectomy on the health of postmenopausal women: Assessment of physical, psychological, and cognitive factors
    (Elsevier, 2025-05) Blümel, Juan E.; Chedraui, Peter; Vallejo, María S.; Escalante, Carlos; Gómez-Tabares, Gustavo; Monterrosa-Castro, Alvaro; Ñañez, Mónica; Ojeda, Eliana; Rey, Claudia; Rodríguez Vidal, Doris; Rodrigues. Marcio A.; Salinas, Carlos; Tserotasl, Konstantinos; Calle, Andres; Dextre, Maribel; Elizalde, Alejandra; Espinoza, María T.; Grupo de investigacion Salud de la Mujer
    Objective: To determine the impact of hysterectomy without bilateral oophorectomy on the physical, psycho logical, and cognitive health of postmenopausal women. Methods: This study was a sub-analysis of a cross-sectional, observational study carried out during gynecological consultations in nine Latin American countries. We collected sociodemographic and clinical data and evaluated the women's health using the EQ-5D for health status, the Menopause Rating Scale for menopausal symptoms, the 6-item Female Sexual Function Index for sexual function, the Jenkins Sleep Scale for sleep disturbances, the SARC-F for the risk of sarcopenia, and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment test for cognitive function. Results: The sub-analysis involved 782 postmenopausal women with an average age of 56.9 years and an average body mass index of 26.5 kg/m2. The participants had an average of 13.9 years of education, and 45.9 % of them had a university degree. The group of 104 women who had undergone hysterectomy without oophorectomy had a higher body mass index (27.5 ±4.9 vs 26.3 ±5.1 kg/m2, p <0.03), displayed more comorbidities (63.5 % vs 41.7 %, p <0.001), worse self-perceived health (Odds ratio, OR 2.00, 95 % CI: 1.27–3.15), higher rates of severe menopausal symptoms (OR 2.39, 95 % CI: 1.51–3.77) and sleep disturbances (OR 1.75, 95 % CI: 1.10–2.79), and a higher likelihood of sarcopenia (OR 1.74, 95 % CI: 1.03–2.97) than those who had not undergone hysterec tomy. No significant differences were observed regarding sexual function or cognitive performance between the two groups. Moreover, in the six assessed health domains, menopausal hormone therapy (ever use) was found to be a protective factor, regardless of whether or not the woman had undergone a hysterectomy. Conclusion: Women who undergo hysterectomy without oophorectomy may experience persistent physical and psychological symptoms that affect their mental health and quality of life. Menopausal hormone therapy is associated with improved health outcomes.

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